历史将铭记
History Will Remember
——中外记者赴四川地震灾区采访纪实
---Interviews in Quake-hit Areas in Sichuan by domestic and overseas journalists
2008年5月15日下午6时，由国务院新闻办联合外交部、国务院港澳办、国务院台办等部门组织的中外记者团一行30多人搭乘CA4104航班，从北京（北京翻译公司）启程前往四川地震灾区采访。
At 6:00 pm, May 15, 2008, organized by the State Council Information Office in conjunction with some other agencies, such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, a journalist group comprising of over 30 people left Beijing for the quake-hit areas in Sichuan by CA4104 to conduct interviews.
这是一次不一样的航班，没有游客，有的是志愿者、红十字会工作人员、外国救援专家还有国内外记者。他们来自四面八方,但共同奔向灾区的方向。在我们身后,坐着两名解放军海军军官，也将奔赴前线支援抗灾。机上没有喧哗，没有欢笑，记者和其他乘客都默默地看着手中的报纸，都是抗震救灾的报道。《人民日报》海外版的头版，写着“救人救人,十万火急”的醒目标题。 一名外国记者看着《中国日报》的通栏报道，喃喃自语，“Great China，Great Chinese people”（伟大的中国，伟大的中国人民）。晚上8时半，飞机经一路颠簸抵达成都双流机场，播音员用中英文向机上所有为抗灾工作的人们致敬,所有乘务员列队向乘客们告别。
This was a flight quite different from previous ones. It was one without tourists. On board were the volunteers, Red Cross people, foreign rescue experts as well as domestic and overseas journalists. They had come from different places but were heading for the same direction, i.e. the quake-hit areas. Sitting right after us were two naval officers of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), who were also going to the forefront to contribute their share in the rescue effort. No uproar was heard and no smiles seen. The journalists and other passengers were all reading the newspapers in their hands, silently. The stories covered by those newspapers were all reports on the rescue and relief efforts. The headline of the People's Daily (overseas edition) says "Saving People. Racing Against Time". A foreign journalist, reading the general information carried in China Daily, said to himself, "Great China, Great Chinese People". At 8:30 pm, after a bumpy journey, the plane finally arrived at Shuangliu Airport, Chengdu. The crew announcer saluted all the people that are part of the rescue and relief effort, in both Chinese and English, before all the flight attendants lined up to say goodbye to the passengers.
到达酒店后，记者们迫不及待地询问明天的采访日程。他们问得最多的是，何时可以抵达重灾区。他们希望了解，灾难造成的人员和财产损失有多么惨重？救援情况如何？灾民现在的生活怎样？救灾工作面临哪些主要困难？灾后重建如何开展？许多记者表示，希望通过自己的文字和镜头，向世界深入报道地震造成的重大人员和财产损失以及中国政府和人民为抗震救灾所作的艰苦努力。
Upon arriving at the hotel, the journalists couldn't wait to ask the interview itinerary of the next day. The questions most frequently asked was when they could arrive at the worst-hit areas. They would like to know the following: How heavy are the life and property losses inflicted by the disaster? How is the rescue effort going on? How is the life of the affected people like? What major difficulties are the rescue and relief operations facing? How will the reconstruction proceed? Many journalists said that they wished to, through their words and cameras, make in-depth reports and have the world see, hear and read the heavy casualties and property losses inflicted by the earthquake and the arduous efforts by the Chinese government and people in the rescue and relief operations.
5月16日清晨，先期抵达成都的20多名境外记者加入了采访的队伍，使得全团人数达到了39家媒体61名记者，其中外国媒体20家34人。上午9点，四川省人民政府新闻办公室举行情况介绍会，就受灾情况、救援工作、卫生防疫等问题向境内外媒体作了通报。当地官员介绍说，就在会前，四川省的死亡人数已经达到2万多人，10万多人受伤，且伤亡数字仍在继续上升。在党中央、国务院的坚强领导下，抗震救灾工作正继续有力有序有效进行，灾区社会秩序总体稳定。中国政府紧急出动13万余名解放军、武警官兵和公安干警前往地震灾区开展救援行动。各救援部队、当地干部群众和专业救援队伍已从废墟中抢救出 33000多人，转移安置灾区群众5万余人。四川人民感谢全国人民、海外华侨华人和国际社会为救灾工作提供的宝贵支持。
On the early morning of May 16, the 20-plus overseas journalists who had arrived at Chengdu earlier joined the interview team, making the members of the team totaling 61 journalists from 39 media, among whom 34 were from 20 foreign media. At 9 am, the Information Office of the Sichuan Provincial Government held a briefing on casualties and losses, rescue operations, hygiene and epidemic control and other issues of concerns. Local officials said that just before the briefing, the death toll of Sichuan Province alone had reached over 20,000 people, with more than 100,000 injured, and the number was still on the rise. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the rescue and relief operations have been going on forcefully, orderly and effectively, which have ensured the stability in the quake-hit areas. The Chinese government urgently dispatched more than 130,000 PLA officers, armed police officers and public security policemen to the quake-hit areas for rescue operations. The rescue forces, local officials and people, and the expert rescue teams have saved over 33,000 people from the debris, relocated more than 50,000 people in the quake-hit areas to proper shelters. The Sichuan people are thankful to their fellow countrymen across the nation, the overseas Chinese and the international community for their precious support in the rescue and relief efforts.
介绍会后，记者们乘车前往德阳市，这是四川受灾最严重的几个地区之一，遇难人数已逾一万。距重灾区绵竹县汉旺镇还有15公里，坍塌的房屋已随处可见。沿途几乎所有的车辆都挂着抗震救灾的标语，卡车、轿车、面包车、越野车……，各式各样的车辆都在向着灾区行进。车厢里、车顶上，满载着大包小包的矿泉水、饼干、方便面。从车牌可以看出，这些车辆来自祖国各地。在一个加油站，记者们遇到了两名从唐山赶来参加救灾的中年男子，“抗震救灾、血脉相连”的横幅悬挂在车身两侧。他们在听到地震消息后的第二天就自发购买了一批救援物资，日夜兼程两天两夜赶到德阳。当被问到为什么要这么做时，他们摆摆手说这算不了什么，“当年唐山大地震的时候，是全国人民支援了咱们。现在四川人民有困难，作为唐山人，我们想尽一份心意。”
After the briefing, the journalists drove to Deyang city, one of the worst-hit areas in Sichuan, with the death toll already exceeding 10,000. It was still 15 kilometers to go to arrive at the Hanwang Township of neighboring Mianzhu County, another worst-hit area. On the road to Mianyang, collapsed houses were seen everywhere. Almost all the vehicles on the road carry slogans in support of the relief operations. Trucks, cars, minivans, land-rovers, etc., were all heading for the quake-hit areas. The compartments and roofs were all laden with various bottled water, biscuits and instant noodles. It could be seen from the plates that they have come from the different corners of the nation. At a gas station, the journalists ran into 2 middle-aged men coming from Tangshan City to participate in the relief operations. Each side of their car carried a banner with a slogan saying "Fight the quake together. We are bonded by blood." Upon the news of earthquake, they immediately took the initiative to buy a batch of relief materials the next day, and sent them to Deyang after 2 days and 2 nights' non-stop driving. When asked why they had done this, they just waved their hands, saying "it's nothing". They said, "when Tangshan was struck by the earthquake in 1976, it was the people across the nation that have supported us. Now that Sichuan people are in difficulties, as people from Tangshan, we would like to do our bit to help."
记者的第一个采访地点是德阳市救援物资配送基地，来自全国各地的帐篷、衣物、饮水、食品都首先在这个地方集中，然后被统一调配到德阳境内的各个受灾地区。在这里，救援物资堆成了一座座小山。解放军战士、武警公安和当地工人农民一道将物资装运到车辆上，迅速发往急需救援的地区。在这里，记者们关心救援物资够不够、运送车辆是否及时等问题。工作人员一边继续着装载工作、一边回答着记者的问题：目前最缺乏的是衣物、帐篷，运送车辆基本能保障在第一时间的物资补给，偏远山区仍急需食品、药品。在配送基地的另一侧，整齐搭建着20多个帐篷，这是解放军某医疗分队的救助营地，一有伤员被运到这里，医护人员马上进行紧急治疗，精心护理。
The first place of interview was the relief materials distribution center in Deyang City, where the tents, clothes, drinking water and food coming from different parts of the country would be concentrated, and then distributed to the various quake-hit areas within Deyang. Here, the relief materials have piled up, like small mountains. PLA officers, armed police officers and public security policemen, together with local workers and farmers, would load the materials onto vehicles and send them urgently to places in dire need of such materials. Also here, the journalists were concerned about whether the relief materials were adequate and whether the vehicles would be timely enough. The relief workers, while continuing with their loading work, answered the questions. They said that the most needed things at this stage are clothes and tents, and the vehicles are, in general, timely enough to ensure the material supply in Immediate and fast response to the quake, with the remote mountainous areas still in dire need of food and medicine. On the other side of the distribution center are over 20 tents, which are lined up neatly. This is the medical treatment camp of a medical team of the PLA. Once the injured is sent here, the medical workers will conduct immediate treatment and offer tender care.
半小时后，记者们又赶到了汉旺镇上的东方汽轮机厂。这是中国仅有的三个能生产电站设备的大型工业基地，有7000多名职工。地震时，该厂厂房不幸倒塌，4000多名职工被掩埋。灾难发生后，政府迅速组织救援，幸存人员也全力组织自救。记者抵达时，营救工作已经开展了70多个小时，大量救援人员与多台大型机械设备仍在昼夜奋战。据企业负责人介绍，已有百分之八九十的职工脱离了危险，他们将继续全力搜救幸存者。目前，罹难者的遗体已被妥善处置，重伤者已送往医院救治，而一些伤势较轻的职工则和附近的受灾居民一起，住进厂房外围空地上大量搭起的帐篷里。在厂区，记者们遇到了一位70来岁瘦弱的老奶奶，她每天步行一个多小时来到厂区，等待被埋在废墟下的孩子。她指着倒塌的车棚下的一辆自行车说，她的儿子每天就是骑着这辆自行车上班，她盼着儿子回家。老奶奶安静地诉说，眼里始终含着泪水。在场的人们握着她的手，不断安慰这位年迈的母亲。不管孩子在哪里，母亲的心永远和他在一起。
Half an hour later, the journalists arrived at the Oriental Steam Turbine Factory in Hanwang Township. This is one of the three large-scale industrial bases which possess the capability of producing power station equipment in China, and boasts of more than 7,000 staff. When the quake struck, the factory's production buildings collapsed and buried more than 4,000 staff in the debris. Upon the striking of the disaster, the government had quickly organized rescue operations and the survivors also organized themselves to help. When the journalists arrived, the rescue effort had been going on for more than 70 hours, with a lot of rescue workers and large-scale machinery still operating day and night. According to the head of the factory, around 80-90% employees have been helped out of danger, and they would make every effort that they can to continue the search and rescue for the survivors. To date, the bodies of the victims have been disposed of properly and those severely injured have been sent to hospital for treatment. Those slightly injured employees, together with the affected residents living in neighboring areas, have been sent to a lot of tents set up in the open land of the outside perimeters of the factory. In the factory, the journalists met an emaciated granny in the seventies. Every day, she would walk more than an hour to get to the factory and wait for her child buried under the debris to be rescued. She pointed at a bicycle under the already collapsed bicycle shed, saying that her son goes to work by this bicycle every day and she would wait for her son to be back home. She has said all this quietly, tears in her eyes all the time. People present held her hands, all trying to give her comfort. Wherever is the child, the heart of his mother is always with him.
地震后，整个汉旺镇的房屋大批倒塌，全镇满目疮痍。距离汽轮机厂不远处的一条街道无一处完好的房屋。两座六层楼的楼房在地震中倾斜、坍塌。一名女子双亲的遗体刚刚被救援队挖掘出来，她一次次挣脱了救援人员的怀抱，痛哭着扑到父母身边，想要再见最后一面。面对这生离死别，几名女记者紧捂着脸，努力不让自己哭出声来。一名摄影记者几次想举起手中的相机，最终还是选择了放弃。
After the earthquake struck, across the whole Hanwang Township, a lot of houses have collapsed, presenting a saddening, heart-breaking look. On a street not far from the steam turbine factory, we could not see any house left intact. Two 6-storey buildings have leaned and collapsed during the quake. The bodies of the parents of a woman have just been dug out by the rescue team and the woman broke out of the arms of the rescue workers for several times, crying, throwing herself to her parents' side, wanting to have a last glimpse of their faces. Witnessing such a heart-breaking parting moment, several women journalists had to cover their faces, trying not to cry aloud. One of the journalists attempted several times to raise the camera but opted to give up at last.
在现场救援的是一队来自河南中原油田的救援队员，他们已经冒着生命危险在这片废墟中搜寻了数十个小时，救出了多名幸存者。一家阿拉伯电视台的记者现场采访一名救援队员，是否考虑过放弃。这名小伙子坚定地表示，我们都是中国人，抢救同胞义不容辞，我们绝不放弃！
Conducting the rescue mission on site was a team of rescue workers from Henan Zhongyuan Oilfield. They have searched for dozens of hours despite the risks of losing their lives also, and have saved a number of survivors. A journalist from an Arab television station interviewed one of the rescue workers on site, asking whether he had considered giving up. The young man interviewed answered firmly, "We are all Chinese. It is incumbent on us to save our fellow countrymen. We will never give up."
在完成一次任务后，队长刚命令队员们在原地短暂休息，两分钟后，他就接到了新的任务。
After accomplishing a mission, the team leader ordered his team members to have a short rest on site. After just 2 minutes, he received a new mission.
“都有，起立！”他下达口令，“刚刚接到上级指示，在距此两公里的一片坍塌楼房中发现有生命迹象，命令大家立即前往救援。在现场时，如果发现有幸存者，立即向我汇报！如果发现有民众遗体，也立即向我汇报，进行妥善处置！”他语速急促，铿锵有力，“还有，在处置遇难者遗体时，要像对待生者一样，保持对死者的尊重。听明白没有？”
"All up", he ordered. "I have just received an order. 2 kilometers from this place, a collapsed building indicated signs of life. We are asked to go there to conduct rescue operations immediately. If at the site you find any survivor, report to me immediately! If you find any bodies of the victims, report to me immediately, too, so as to make proper disposal!" He spoke very quickly and strongly. "In addition, in disposing of the bodies of the victims, we should respect the victims like we respect people still alive. Understand?"
“是！”7名队员整齐划一、同样有力地回答道。
"Yes, sir", the 7 team members answered unanimously, with the same strong voice.
四名中外电视记者目睹这一幕，也跟随救援队赶往现场。到达现场需要穿越数百米街道，两边是随时可能因余震再次倒塌的残破楼房。救援队暂未发现幸存者，却仍冒险以接力的方式从一条河沟中将一具死者遗体抢运上几米高的斜坡。他们履行了自己的诺言，保持了对死者的尊重。记者的镜头完整地记录下全过程，一名中国记者在做现场报道时数度哽咽，一名外国记者也被眼前的这一幕深深打动。
Seeing such a view, 4 journalists, from home and abroad, followed the rescue team to the rescuing site. To get there, they must go through streets that are several hundred meters long. And along the road are decrepit buildings that may fall again at any time due to aftershocks. Temporarily, the rescue workers didn't find any survivor, but they still carried the body of a victim from a runnel to a slope that is several meters high, in a relay manner, despite the risks. They also honored their commitment by paying respect to the deceased.
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